Automobiles are responsible for a substantial part of the worlds consumption of primary energy, mostly fossil liquid hydrocarbons and. The main components of icenginebased propulsion systems are the engine and the gear box. Miller the automotive industry is waking up to the fact that hybrid electric vehicles could provide an answer to the everincreasing need for lowerpolluting and more fuelefficient forms of personal transport. Potential of electric propulsion systems to reduce petroleum. Nasas research in this area includes airplane concepts, electrical power systems, component materials, and test facilities along with exploratory investment in turbinegenerator interactions and boundarylayer ingestion validation. The industry literature search led to air vehicle and operational reliability discussions, as related to distributed electric hybrid electric propulsion dehep system operating in the uam role.
A summary of electric vehicle propulsion technologies grin. Design of hybrid propulsion systems for unmanned aerial vehicles. Of all possible remedies, hybrid electric propulsion systems are generally considered. We are aggressively lowering the cost of powertrain electrification through system.
The automotive industry is waking up to the fact that hybrid electric vehicles could provide an answer to the everincreasing need for lowerpolluting and more fuelefficient forms of personal transport. Index terms hybrid vehicle, electric vehicle, vehicle, electric drive, motor. Review of propulsion types in hybrid electric vehicles. Technology overview a hybridelectric bus is powered by an electric motor, and a smaller than normal conventional internal combustion engine. Framework for combined control and design optimization of. A series hybridelectric drive system, figure 2, consists of an engine directly connected. An early version of a hybrid solar electricengine remotely piloted aerial vehicle was developed by harmats and weihs in 1999. Nasas research in this area includes airplane concepts, electrical power systems, component materials, and test facilities along with exploratory investment in turbinegenerator. Electric propulsion systems and hybrid vehicles chalmers. Hybrid vehicles international council on clean transportation. Electric propulsion components with high power densities for. Pdf in this book the longitudinal behavior of road vehicles is analyzed. A comprehensive study of key electric vehicle ev components. Hybrid and plugin electric vehicles use electricity as their primary fuel or to improve the efficiency of conventional vehicle designs.
Model variants for the electrical, battery, and vehicle dynamics systems can be selected using variant subsystems. Austrian association for advanced propulsion systems a3ps. Acoustic data for hybrid and electric heavyduty vehicles and. Thrust 4blow carbon emissions achieved through use of alternative propulsion systems such as electrichybrid electric propulsion vision.
While in conventional icebased vehicles the energy carrier is a fossil fuel, electric and hybridelectric propulsion systems are characterized by the presence of an electrochemical or electrostatic energy storage system. Electric propulsion systems and hybrid vehicles the electrification of road vehicles is accelerating globally and leading car manufacturers are currently devoting substantial resources to meet market expectations for safe, energy efficient and affordable vehicle concepts. Its focus lies on the controloriented mathematical. The lewis research center was made the responsible nasa center for this project. Pdf vehicle energy and fuel consumption basic concepts. Cars powered by internal combustion engines have been the technological. Pdf electric and hybridelectric propulsion systems. Dcdc converter steps down the high battery voltage to power ancillary systems such as lighting, brake assist, and power steering, and accessories such as air conditioning and infotainment systems. Propulsion system design and sizing of an electric vehicle. Aviation optimization possibilities thanks to electric propulsion are. Index termshybrid electric vehicle hev, electric propulsion, comparison.
Edt applications for vehicle traction drive span a number of functions emphasis. A discussion of results and recommendations for future work is also provided. Pdf propulsion systems for modern hybrid and electric vehicles. Guidelines for analysis of hybridelectric aircraft system studies. Potential of electric propulsion systems to reduce petroleum use and greenhouse gas emissions in the u. The world is becoming electric in aviation as well we develop serial hybrid electric propulsion systems for aircraft the technology is scalable and will soon be making its way into small aircraft and, in the future, into commercial. A series hybrid electric micro air vehicle mav model was recommended by wilson in 2002. The data show that, across the entire fleet ice, hybrid, and electric vehicles included the vehicle type most frequently involved in motor vehicle traffic crashes with pedestrians is the passenger car. Hazards analysis and failure modes and effects criticality. We develop serial hybrid electric propulsion systems for aircraft the technology is scalable and will soon be making its way into small aircraft and, in the future, into commercial aircraft with 60 to 100 passengers, making aviation greener.
This report presents the results of a study performed on hybrid heat engine battery electric vehicle propulsion systems. While much work has been completed on electric options in ships this report is focused on the options for boats less than 24m in length. Soaring fuel costs have a negative impact on the airline industry and also result in an increasing military budget. So that the electric propulsion technologies, have been successfully applied to the passenger cars, commercial vehicles, crossover utility vehicles. Flexibility and maximum efficiency optimally combined. Focus is on hybrid electric propulsion control technologies related to alternative propulsion systems to further improve efficiency and emissions up until the present no nasa propulsion controls effort has been focused on hybrid electric propulsion new nasa hybrid electric propulsion controls technology effort to start in fy17. Hybridelectric propulsion hybridelectric systems are defined as a hybridelectric vehicle hev is a vehicle in which propulsion energy is available from two or more kinds or types of energy stores, sources, or converters, and at least one of them can deliver electrical energy 11. Codes and standards support vehicle electrification. Integrated between the electric machines, batteries, and power electronics integrated between the cooling system and the other systems compatible with the available incoming air and heat exhaust mechanisms this program will develop and integrate these techniques for both 200 kw and 1 mw electric propulsion engines.
This springerbrief deals with the control and optimization problem in hybrid electric vehicles. Its propulsion system includes solar cells, a battery pack, an electric motor, and an ic engine. The study presented in this report is an early part of the lewis research center program for propulsion system research and development for hybrid vehicles. Lightduty vehicle fleet by michael khusid submitted to the system design and management program on may 21, 2010 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in engineering and management abstract. In fact, the automotive industry is still seeking for the most appropriate electric propulsion system for hevs and even for.
Design of hybrid propulsion systems for unmanned aerial. Cambridge hybridelectric demonstrator project a multidisciplinary project to investigate the theory and practise of hybridelectric aircraft propulsion over a range of aircraft scale. The measurements protocol used for the screening tests follows general pr ocedures in sae j 28891 with several differences including the acoustic environment, operating conditions, test surface, number of microphones, and microphone position. To achieve this success, the cost of hybrid and electric propulsion systems must be significantly reduced. Electric propulsion components with high power densities. Pdf advanced propulsion systems for hybrid electric vehicles. Autonomous intelligent hybrid propulsion systems this presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information 20 u. This text provides an introduction to the mathematical modeling and subsequent optimization of vehicle propulsion systems and their supervisory control algorithms. This file contains a hybrid electric vehicle model built using simscape, simscape electrical, and simscape driveline that can be configured for systemlevel tests or power quality analyses. Electrified propulsion refers to the use of electric power for aircraft propulsion could be all or partially electric propulsion other aircraft development programs use the terms more electric or all electric as the use of electric power for secondary systems on aircraft such as control surfaces and wing deicing. Advantages and disadvantages of serial, parallel or. The propulsion system in an ev consists of an energy storage system, the power converter, and the. Sikkim manipal institute of technologydepartment of electrical and electronics engineering, sikkim, india. Propulsion systems for modern hybrid and electric vehicles.
This text is intended for persons interested in the analysis and optimization of vehicle propulsion systems. Lino guzzella antonio sciarretta vehicle propulsion systems. Hybrid electric vehicles energy management strategies. Electric propulsion components with high power densities for aviation. The work involved three major tasks, which are treated in the remainder of this summary. To explore, advance and transform aviation via electrichybrid electric propulsion integrated with airframes to increase aircraft functionality, reducing carbon emissions. Sikkim manipal institute of technologydepartment and electronics and communication engineering, sikkim, india. Hybrid electric propulsion nasa glenn research center. Electric and hybridelectric propulsion systems springerlink.
In these new type of vehicle propulsion systems two power converters usually an internal combustion engine and an electric machine are combined. Prius, the first commercial hybrid electric vehicle hev, was. By 2015, reduce the cost of a marketready advanced electric propulsion system by at least 35%. This new generation of vehicles, often called electric drive vehicles, can be divided into three categories. Power rating of three phase induction motor is calculated to achieve the prespecified vehicle dynamic characteristics. C the state of the art of electric and hybrid vehicles. Vehicle propulsion systems introduction to modeling and. Jul 12, 2018 hybrid electric propulsion is an exciting area with much promise for improving the fuel efficiency, emissions, and noise levels in commercial transport aircraft. The automotive sector and academic researchers seek, test, develop and examine numerous con.
Introduction selection of traction motors for hybrid propulsion systems is a very important step that requires special attention. Promote uniform testing method and harmonize global markets. From combustion engines to electric vehicles deutsches institut. In 2018 at the aiaa aviation conference short course on design for electric and hybridelectric aircraft 2 and at a performance assessment of hybrid electric systems tutorial 3 at the aiaa propulsion and energy forum, the draft parameter tables developed as part of this activity were shared with audiences for the first time. As a pioneer in the development of electric and hybrid electric vehicles, we provide vehicle manufacturers with more than 20 years of experience in architecting electric and hybrid electric vehicle propulsion systems. It is known that hybrid electric propulsion systems possess many advantages over enginealone systems. Miller pdf learn the method of doing something from several sources. Acoustic data for hybrid and electric heavyduty vehicles. At present there are no unambiguous standards for rating hybrid electric and battery electric propulsion systems. Due to the broad variety of the type of vehicles and the usage of these vehicles many solutions are provided for hybrid propulsion systems. Goals, strategies, and top accomplishments goals by 2014, reduce the production cost of marketready, high energy, highpower batteries by 70% from 2009 costs. Ev short history, electric vehicles, ev power system. Hybrid electric propulsion is an exciting area with much promise for improving the fuel efficiency, emissions, and noise levels in commercial transport aircraft. Hybrid electric vehicle propulsion system architectures of the ecvt type john m.